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Office Of Readings | Week 28, Sunday, Ordinary Time | A Reading From The Commentary Of Saint Cyril Of Alexandria On The Book Of Haggai | My Name Is Great Among The Nations
‘My name is great among the nations.’
Saint Cyril of Alexandria interprets the prophecy of Haggai as a vision of the Church’s universal fulfilment in Christ. When he writes that ‘our Saviour came and appeared as a divine temple’, he identifies Jesus Christ himself as the true dwelling-place of God among men — the reality of which the old Jerusalem temple was only a shadow. The worship of the old covenant, confined to one people and one sanctuary, is surpassed by the worship of the new covenant, offered everywhere in spirit and in truth.
In Christ, God’s presence is no longer bound to a single building or nation. The incarnate Son is the living temple, and through him the whole world becomes a place of worship. The prophecy of Malachi — ‘My name is great among the nations, and in every place a pure offering is made to my name’ — is thus fulfilled in the Church. Everywhere the faithful now offer ‘spiritual sacrifices’ (Romans 12:1; 1 Peter 2:5): lives shaped by faith, holiness, and thanksgiving rather than by ritual blood offerings.
Cyril calls the Church ‘the final temple’, more glorious than the first, because its foundation is Christ himself, the cornerstone rejected by men but chosen by God. Those who labour for its building — whether bishops, teachers, or the faithful who live as ‘living stones’ in the household of God — receive the gift that Haggai foretold: Christ himself, the peace of all peoples. ‘Through him,’ Cyril reminds us, ‘we have access in one Spirit to the Father.’
Peace, for Cyril, is not merely the absence of conflict but the fruit of divine reconciliation. It is the inward stability that enables the soul to grow in virtue and to carry out God’s will. Drawing on Christ’s words, ‘My peace I give you,’ and on Paul’s assurance that ‘the peace of Christ, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and minds’, Cyril teaches that this peace is both the gift and the sign of the Church’s true life.
To ‘build the Church’ is therefore not only the task of pastors but of every believer. Each Christian contributes to the structure of the spiritual temple through obedience, prayer, and charity. In doing so, one’s own salvation is advanced: for the builder of the Church is himself being built up into Christ.
Cyril’s commentary presents a theology at once ecclesial and personal. The glory of the new temple lies not in stone but in souls — in a worship that is universal, intelligent, and interior; in a peace that unites all nations under Christ, the true Temple and the Prince of Peace.
A Reading From The Commentary Of Saint Cyril Of Alexandria On The Book Of Haggai | My Name Is Great Among The Nations
When our Saviour came, he appeared as a divine temple, glorious beyond any comparison, far more splendid and excellent than the older temple. He exceeded the old as much as worship in Christ and the gospels exceeds the cult of the laws, as much as truth exceeds its shadows.
Furthermore, I might point out that originally there was just one temple at Jerusalem, in which one people, the Israelites, offered their sacrifices. Since the only-begotten Son became like us, and as Scripture says, though he was Lord and God, he has shone upon us, the rest of the world has been filled with places of worship.
Now there are countless worshipers who honor the universal God with spiritual offerings and fragrant sacrifices. This surely, is what Malachi foretold, speaking, as if in the person of God: I am a great king, says the Lord; my name is honored among the nations, and everywhere there is offered to my name the fragrance of a pure sacrifice.
With justice, therefore, do we say that the final temple, the Church, will be more glorious. To those who are so solicitous for the Church and labor for its construction, Haggai declares that a gift will be made, a gift from heaven given by the Savior. That gift is Christ himself, the peace of all men: through him we have access in the one Spirit to the Father. The prophet goes on to say: I will give peace to this place and peace of soul to save all who lay the foundation to rebuild the temple. Christ too says somewhere: My peace I give you. Paul will teach how profitable this is for those who love: The peace of Christ, he says, which surpasses all understanding will keep your minds and hearts. Isaiah, the seer, made the same prayer: O Lord our God, give us peace, for you have given us everything. Once a man has been found worthy of Christ’s peace, he can easily save his soul and guide his mind to carry out exactingly the demands of virtue.
Haggai, therefore, declares that peace will be given to all who build. One builds the Church either as a teacher of the sacred mysteries, as one set over the house of God, or as one who works for his own good by setting himself forth as a living and spiritual stone in the holy temple, God’s dwelling place in the Spirit. The results of these efforts will profit such men so that each will be able to gain his own salvation without difficulty.
Christian Prayer With Jesus
Lord Jesus Christ,
true Temple of the living God,
you have made your Church the dwelling-place of the Holy Spirit
and called all nations to offer you a pure sacrifice of praise.
Grant that we, as living stones, may take our place in that holy house,
building one another up in faith and charity.
Give us the peace that you promised to your disciples —
a peace beyond understanding,
which steadies the heart and sanctifies the soul.
May your name be great among the nations,
and your glory fill the whole earth.
Amen.
Glossary Of Christian Terms
Cyril of Alexandria (c. 376–444) – Patriarch of Alexandria and one of the great Doctors of the Church. A central figure at the Council of Ephesus (431), he defended the doctrine that Mary is Theotokos (‘God-bearer’) and wrote extensively on Scripture and the incarnation.
Haggai – A prophet of the post-exilic period (6th century BC) who urged the people of Jerusalem to rebuild the temple after their return from Babylon. His message is taken by Christian writers as a figure of the Church’s spiritual renewal in Christ.
Temple – In Christian theology, the temple of Jerusalem prefigures Christ, the incarnate Word, and the Church, his mystical body. God’s presence now dwells not in a building but in Christ and in those united to him by faith and the Spirit.
Spiritual sacrifice – The offering of one’s life, praise, and good works to God in place of ritual sacrifices. See Romans 12:1 and 1 Peter 2:5.
Malachi 1:11 – A prophecy of universal worship fulfilled in the Eucharist and the worldwide Church: ‘From the rising of the sun to its setting my name is great among the nations.’
Peace of Christ – The state of reconciliation and divine harmony granted to believers through Christ’s passion, guarding both mind and heart (Philippians 4:7).
Living stones – An image from 1 Peter 2:5 describing Christians as elements of a spiritual temple built upon Christ, the cornerstone.
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The parable of the two sons is clearly, and explicitly, an attack by Jesus upon the chief priests and the elders of the Jewish people. In the parable, Jesus places before the Jewish authorities an astonishingly blunt analogy of their rejection of God the Father and of Jesus. There is no room for quibbling or intellectual sophistry here: one son does what his father wants; the other says he will and then doesn’t [ … ]
In the Bible, a miracle is an event that is not explicable by natural or scientific laws and is therefore attributed to a divine agency. Miracles are often seen as a sign of the intervention of God in the affairs of human beings. In the Old Testament, the most famous miracles are the Ten Plagues of Egypt, in which God punished the Pharaoh for refusing to release the Israelites from slavery, and the parting of the Red Sea, in which God allowed the Israelites to escape from the pursuing Egyptians by opening a path through the sea. In the New Testament, the miracles of Jesus are a central part of his ministry and are seen as evidence of his divinity. These include healings, such as the restoration of sight to the blind and the raising of the dead, and acts of nature, such as turning water into wine and walking on water. Is There A Theological Significance To Jesus’ Miracles? In the Christian tradition, the miracles performed by Jesus are seen as a manifestation of his divinity and as proof of his authority to teach and heal. Many of these miracles are described in the Gospels of the New Testament, which are the primary source of information about the life and teachings of Jesus. The purpose of the miracles, according to the Gospels, was to demonstrate Jesus’ power over natural forces and to show that he had the authority to forgive sins and offer salvation to those who believed in him. Why Did Jesus Ask To Keep His Miracles Secret? ‘Tell No One Of This.’ In the Gospels, there are a few instances where Jesus tells people not to tell others about what he has done for them. For example, in the Gospel of Matthew, after Jesus healed a man who was possessed by demons, he told the man, ‘See that you tell no one anything, but go, show yourself to the priest and offer the gift that Moses commanded, as a proof to them’ (Matthew 8:4). In this case, it seems that Jesus was concerned that the man’s testimony might not be believed or might be misunderstood, and so he asked him to keep the experience to himself for the time being. It is difficult to say for sure why Jesus might have asked someone to keep quiet about a miracle without knowing the specific context in which the request was made. However, some possible reasons that come to mind include: To avoid drawing unnecessary attention to himself. In the Gospels, Jesus often tries to avoid drawing too much attention to himself, especially from the authorities who are hostile to him. Asking someone to keep quiet about a miracle might be one way of avoiding unwanted attention and allowing Jesus to continue his ministry without interference. To allow the person who was healed to experience the transformation for themselves. In some cases, the person who was healed might have been skeptical or unsure of what had happened to them. Asking them to keep quiet about the miracle might have given them time to reflect on the experience and come to their own understanding of it without being influenced by others. To test the person’s faith. In some cases, Jesus might have asked someone to keep quiet about a miracle as a test of their faith. If they were truly grateful for what Jesus had done for them, they would be willing to follow his instructions and trust that he had a good reason for asking them to keep quiet. These are just a few possible reasons why Jesus might have asked someone to keep quiet about a miracle. It is important to remember that the Gospels are ancient texts and that we must be careful not to impose our own interpretations on them without considering the historical and cultural context in which they were written. To avoid creating conflict or division. In the Gospels, Jesus often encounters people who are skeptical or hostile to his teachings, and he sometimes tries to avoid confrontations with them. Asking someone to keep quiet about a miracle might be one way of avoiding a confrontation or a heated debate that could disrupt his ministry. To avoid being misunderstood or misrepresented. In some cases, the person who was healed might not have understood the full significance of what Jesus had done for them, and they might have tried to explain it in a way that distorted or misrepresented the truth. Asking them to keep quiet might have given Jesus time to explain things to them more fully and help them to understand the true meaning of the miracle. To avoid becoming a spectacle. In the Gospels, there are many instances where people are amazed by the miracles that Jesus performs, and they often try to make him into a kind of celebrity or showman. Asking someone to keep quiet about a miracle might have been one way of avoiding this kind of attention and keeping the focus on the message that Jesus was trying to convey. What Is The Significance Of Miracle Of The Wedding At Cana? In the Christian tradition, the wedding at Cana is significant because it is the first of the miracles performed by Jesus that is recorded in the Gospels of the New Testament. This event is described in the Gospel of John, where it is said that Jesus, along with his mother Mary and his disciples, attended a wedding in the town of Cana. At the wedding, the host ran out of wine, and Mary asked Jesus to help. In response, Jesus turned water into wine, which is seen as a miraculous act that demonstrated his power and authority. In the Gospel of John, after Mary asks Jesus to help with the wine at the wedding in Cana, he replies, “Woman, what does this have to do with me? My hour has not yet come” (John 2:4). This statement is often seen as indicating that Jesus was aware […]
