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Office Of Readings | Monday, Lent Week 4 | A Reading From The Homilies Of Origen On The Book Of Leviticus | Jesus Is Our High Priest
‘Christ the priest, Christ our propitiation.’
Origen’s Theological Vision
Origen of Alexandria (c. 185–c. 253) was a prolific early Christian scholar and theologian whose works shaped Christian thought. His method of biblical interpretation often sought deeper, spiritual meanings beyond the literal text, emphasizing typology—the idea that events and figures in the Old Testament prefigure their fulfilment in the New Testament. His homily on the high priest’s atonement exemplifies this approach, presenting Christ as the ultimate realization of the Levitical priesthood.
Christ As The True High Priest
In the Jewish tradition, the high priest would enter the Holy of Holies once a year on the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur) to make expiation for the sins of the people. This annual ritual, while significant, was only a shadow of the true atonement that would come through Christ. Origen, drawing from the Epistle to the Hebrews, asserts that Christ, the true High Priest, does not merely enter a physical sanctuary but ‘passes through the heavens’ into the very presence of the Father. Christ’s atonement is not temporary but eternal, securing divine mercy for all who believe in him.
Origen emphasizes the continuous nature of Christ’s priesthood. Unlike the high priests of the Old Covenant who had to repeat their sacrifices yearly, Christ’s offering is definitive and unceasing: ‘We have then a day of atonement that remains until the world comes to an end.’ This notion aligns with Hebrews 7:24-25, which speaks of Christ’s eternal intercession for humanity. Origen’s teaching reassures believers that Christ’s mediation is not confined to a single historical moment but remains ever-present, continually drawing sinners into reconciliation with God.
Blood Of Atonement And The Eucharist
Origen makes a crucial theological move by interpreting the high priest’s sprinkling of blood as a prefiguration of Christ’s redemptive blood. He urges readers not to think of this merely as an earthly ritual but to recognize that ‘the blood of the Word’ is what truly atones for sin. This directly connects to the Christian understanding of the Eucharist, where Christ’s blood is offered for the forgiveness of sins (Matthew 26:28). Origen’s reading deepens the believer’s appreciation of the sacramental life of the Church, reinforcing the idea that participation in the Eucharist is an encounter with the ongoing reality of Christ’s atonement.
Symbolism Of The East
A striking feature of Origen’s interpretation is his focus on the eastward direction of the high priest’s sprinkling of blood. He sees this as a symbol of Christ, the ‘dayspring from on high’ (Luke 1:78), who brings salvation from the east. The east is a powerful motif in Christian tradition, often associated with resurrection and divine illumination. Origen exhorts believers to ‘look always to the east’—a call to remain oriented towards Christ, who is the true light and the source of salvation.
This image of the east also connects with early Christian liturgical practices. Many ancient churches were built facing east, signifying the expectation of Christ’s return. Origen’s exhortation, therefore, carries both a theological and practical dimension: believers are to live in constant readiness for Christ’s coming, keeping their gaze fixed on the light of truth and rejecting the darkness of ignorance and sin.
Spiritual Application | Walking In The Light
Origen’s homily concludes with an exhortation to avoid spiritual blindness and ignorance. He warns against being engulfed in ‘the night and mist of ignorance’ and calls for believers to remain in ‘the daylight of faith’. This resonates with Christ’s own words in John 8:12: ‘I am the light of the world; whoever follows me will not walk in darkness, but will have the light of life.’ Origen’s interpretation challenges Christians to live in continual conversion, allowing the light of Christ’s truth to guide their thoughts, actions, and aspirations.
Furthermore, his message remains deeply relevant for modern believers. In a world where distractions, misinformation, and moral relativism obscure the clarity of divine truth, Origen’s call to ‘hold fast always to the light of love and peace’ serves as an enduring reminder to seek God in faith, hope, and charity.
A Reading From The Homilies Of Origen On The Book Of Leviticus
Once a year the high priest, leaving the people outside, entered that place where no one except the high priest might enter. In it was the mercy-seat, and above the mercy-seat the cherubim, as well as the ark of the covenant and the altar of incense.
Let me turn to my true high priest, the Lord Jesus Christ. In our human nature he spent the whole year in the company of the people, the year that he spoke of when he said: He sent me to bring good news to the poor, to announce the acceptable year of the Lord, and the day of forgiveness. Notice how once in that year, on the day of atonement, he enters into the holy of holies. Having fulfilled God’s plan, he passes through the heavens and enters into the presence of the Father to make him turn in mercy to the human race and to pray for all who believe in him.
John the apostle, knowing of the atonement that Christ makes to the Father for all men, says this: Little children, I say these things so that you may not sin. But if we have sinned we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ, the just one. He is the atonement for our sins in his blood, through faith. We have then a day of atonement that remains until the world comes to an end.
God’s word tells us: The high priest shall put incense on the fire in the sight of the Lord. The smoke of the incense shall cover the mercy-seat above the tokens of the covenant, so that he may not die. He shall take some of the blood of the bull-calf and sprinkle it with his finger over the mercy-seat towards the east.
God taught the people of the old covenant how to celebrate the ritual offered to him in atonement for the sins of men. But you have come to Christ, the true high priest. Through his blood he has made God turn to you in mercy and has reconciled you with the Father. You must not think simply of ordinary blood but you must learn to recognise instead the blood of the Word. Listen to him as he tells you: This is my blood, which will be shed for you for the forgiveness of sins.
There is a deeper meaning in the fact that the high priest sprinkles the blood towards the east. Atonement comes to you from the east. From the east comes the one whose name is Dayspring, he who is mediator between God and men. You are invited then to look always to the east: it is there that the sun of righteousness rises for you, it is there that the light is always being born for you. You are never to walk in darkness; the great and final day is not to enfold you in darkness. Do not let the night and mist of ignorance steal upon you. So that you may always enjoy the light of knowledge, keep always in the daylight of faith, hold fast always to the light of love and peace.
Saint Augustine’s commentary on Psalm 141 presents the suffering of Christ as inseparable from the suffering of the Church. Saint Augustine interprets the Psalmist’s plea—“Lord, I have cried to you, hear me”—as the voice of Christ in his human nature, but also as the voice of his body, the Church. This identification between Christ and the Church is fundamental to Saint Augustine’s theology. The trials of the faithful are not isolated events; they are part of the ongoing participation in the passion of Christ. Just as Christ prayed in anguish in Gethsemane, sweating drops of blood, so too does the Church continue to suffer until the end of time. The martyrdom of believers, both literal and spiritual, is an extension of Christ’s own sacrifice [ … ]
Christian Art | Life Of Jesus In The Gospels | King James Audio Bible KJV The Gospel Of Saint John 14: 1-7 | King James Audio Bible YouTube: Connection With The Life Of Jesus In The Gospels | King James Audio Bible The Gospels are not just a collection of stories or teachings, but a window into the life of Jesus. By reading and reflecting on the Gospels, we gain a deeper understanding of who Jesus was and what he came to do. As we read the Gospels, we see that Jesus was a man of great compassion and love. Jesus showed mercy to the outcasts and the marginalized, and he offered healing and hope to those who were in need. He also taught with authority, challenging the religious leaders of his day and offering a new way of living based on love and service. But the Gospels are not just a history lesson. They are also an invitation for us to enter into a relationship with Jesus. By reading and meditating on the Gospels, we can come to know Jesus more personally and deeply. We can learn from his example and seek to follow in his footsteps. So we may be encouraged to read the Gospels, perhaps starting with the Gospel of Mark or the Gospel of John, as we read paying attention to how Jesus interacted with others and how he responded to different situations. We may ask ourselves what you can learn from his words and actions, and how we can apply them to our own lives. And as we read, we can allow ourselves to be drawn into a closer relationship with Jesus. There truly is an historical Jesus. May the Gospels be a source of guidance, inspiration, and transformation for us all. How Much In The Gospels Is Historical, And How Much Is Myth, Legend, Trope, Figurative Thinking? It is difficult to say with certainty how much of the Gospels is historical in the modern sense of the word and how much is myth, legend, trope, or figurative thinking. The Gospels were written some years after the events they describe, and they were written from the perspective of the early Christian community. This means that the Gospels may contain a mix of historical facts and interpretation, as well as elements of myth, legend, and figurative thinking. That being said, scholars believe that the Gospels contain a good deal of historical information. For example, the Gospels describe specific places and events, such as the places where Jesus preached and the events of his trial and Crucifixion. These details suggest that the writers of the Gospels had access to historical information and intended to provide an accurate account of what happened. On the other hand, the Gospels also contain elements that are not seen by all as historical, howsoever this goes to the root of the faith, such as the miracles performed by Jesus and the accounts of his resurrection. Some see these as legends or myths that were added to the Gospels to help convey the message of the early Christian community. The question of how much of the Gospels is historical and how much is myth, legend, or figurative thinking is complex. What is important is that we approach the Gospels with an open mind and a willingness to engage with the stories and teachings they contain. We are in the Gospels in conversation with God – and with the many people who have had such faith and conversations – as with the historical Jesus. Why Do The Gospels Say Were People Afraid Of Jesus? There are several reasons why people may have been afraid of Jesus, according to the Gospels. One reason is that Jesus was a powerful and charismatic figure who challenged the religious and political authorities of his time. He spoke out against corruption and injustice, and he called on people to repent and turn to God. This type of behaviour was seen as threatening by those in positions of power, and they may have been afraid of losing their influence or authority. Another reason is that Jesus performed many miracles, such as healing the sick and casting out demons. These miracles were seen as evidence of his divine power, and they may have made people afraid of him. Some people may have been afraid of being healed or possessed by Jesus, while others may have been afraid of what would happen if they did not believe in him. Finally, some people may have been afraid of Jesus because of the prophecies and expectations of the coming of a messiah. The Jews of Jesus’ time were looking for a saviour who would deliver them from oppression and establish a kingdom of God on earth. When Jesus arrived on the scene, he may have been seen as a threat to the status quo, and some people may have been afraid of what he might do. Might The Fear Be Related To The Fear Of God – The Injunction To Fear God? Yes, it is possible that the fear of Jesus mentioned in the Gospels may be related to the fear of God. In the Old Testament, the fear of God is often used to describe a deep reverence and awe for God, as well as a sense of humility and obedience in the face of his greatness. This fear of God is seen as a positive and necessary quality for a faithful believer, and it is often linked to the idea of fearing God’s punishment or judgement. In the New Testament, the fear of God is also mentioned, but it is often portrayed in a more positive light. For example, in the Gospel of Luke, Jesus tells his followers not to be afraid of those who can only kill the body, but to fear God, who can destroy both body and soul (Luke 12:4-5). This suggests that the fear of God is not just about punishment, but about a deep respect for […]
Jesus’ disciples have opened their hearts to Jesus. They have responded to Jesus by being receptive to the Christian truth he brings, and therefore they may be given to understand the parables. The disciples’ understanding of the presence of the Kingdom in their lives, of which the parables speak, follows upon their faith in Jesus [ … ]
